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FOX COMPLEX

About the Fox Complex

Located in Timmins

The Fox Complex is located in the well-established Timmins Gold Mining Camp in Northern Ontario, Canada. Its main properties, Black Fox, Stock and Lexam, are positioned along the Provincial Highway 101. 11 kilometers east of the town of Matheson is the Black Fox Property. The Stock property is located 22 kilometers west of Matheson and 45 kilometers east of the city of Timmins and of the Lexam properties. Given the proximity to communities in a region with primary industries mining and forestry, local supplies and services are easily available and can be delivered in a timely manner at the complex.

About Diagram About Diagram

The Fox Complex consists of several land blocks comprising mining claims or leases, along with overlapping surface rights parcels, totaling approximately 5,314 hectares of mining land and 3,446 hectares of surface land. The properties span 18 kilometers (11 miles) along the Destor-Porcupine Fault, known as the "Golden Highway", which has a total strike length of approximately 200 kilometers (124 miles) and hosts many of the richest gold mines in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec.

Starting from the east, the Black Fox Property is an important component of the complex, including the Black Fox and Froome mines and the Tamarack and Grey Fox deposits. The Black Fox mine had an initial production from 1997 to 2001. Re-commissioned in 2009, it operated continuously, with open pit commercial production from May 2009 to September 2015 and underground mining commenced in October 2011 and continued to 2021. The open pit and underground operations at the Black Fox mine produced a total of 950 thousand ounces of gold to the end of 2021.

During 2021, as production wound down at the Black Fox mine, it ramped up at the Froome mine, located 900 meters west of the Black Fox open pit. Froome achieved commercial production in September 2021, three months ahead of schedule, producing 24.3 thousand gold equivalent ounces. In 2022, Froome's production increased to 36.7 thousand ounces, and by 2023, it reached 44.4 thousand ounces. Production in 2024 was 30.2 thousand ounces and in 2025 is expected to be between 40 and 42 thousand ounces.

The Stock property is also located along the Destor-Porcupine Fault, between the Lexam property and the Black Fox property. Stock hosts the Stock Mill and is the site of the former Stock Mine, which produced 137,000 ounces of gold from an underground operation between 1989 and 2005. Exploration initiated in 2018 at Stock and continued to date has defined deposits east and west of the Stock Mine, within a three kilometers mineralized trend along the Destor-Porcupine Fault.

Further to the west, the Fox Complex includes the Lexam properties, with the Buffalo Ankerite, Davidson-Tisdale, Fuller and Paymaster deposits, where the first three are fully owned and Paymaster is a joint venture with Newmont Corporation (61% McEwen - 39% Discovery Silver). As historic producers, the most prominent of the Lexam cluster are Buffalo Ankerite and Paymaster. Buffalo Ankerite produced 1.02 million ounces of gold at an average recovered grade of 6.5 grams per tonne from 1925 to 1953, and Paymaster produced 1.2 million ounces of gold at 7.2 grams per tonne from 1915 to 1966, bringing the combined production at the Fox Complex to 3.4 million ounces of gold.

McEwen owns the Fox Complex through the acquisition of Lexam VG Gold in April 2017 and of the Stock and Black Fox properties in October 2017.

The land packages of the Fox Complex continue to exhibit significant exploration potential, both at depth and along trends. This potential allows us to build a sustainable future for our Ontario operations. Since 2018, we have initiated comprehensive, property-wide exploration programs, which encompass definition and delineation drilling, testing for extensions of existing resources, following up on significant drill results, and investigating new exploration targets. These efforts have consistently delivered strong results, with new targets being identified and an expansion of gold resources across the properties.

McEwen is on track to significantly increase gold production at the Fox Complex, targeting 60,000 ounces by 2027, and a potential expansion to 120,000 - 150,000 ounces by 2030, subject to timely permit approval.

1915 - 2024
Fox Complex Production

Black Fox Gold
3,449,221
Oz Au

MINING AND PROCESSING
AT THE FOX COMPLEX

The Froome underground mine started with initial ramp development in 2020, reaching initial stope production in early 2021 and commercial production in September 2021. Situated between 275 mL and 100 mL levels, its mining methods are longitudinal and transverse long hole mining with delayed backfill in a bottom-up sequence accessed from the footwall of the deposit. Mined material is trucked from each sublevel to surface, where it is hauled as run-of-mine 28 km by road trucks to the FoxCentral - Stock mill site, and fed via a conveyor system to the mill’s crushing circuit.

The crushed product is transferred to a 1,500 tonne fine ore surge bin and then fed into a 2,000 tonnes per day grinding circuit, which includes two stages of closed circuit ball milling. Soluble gold is recovered by adsorption upon granular activated carbon in CIC, CIL, and CIP trains, with a process efficiency of up to 97%. Gold is removed from the carbon in a high temperature strip vessel in a closed circuit with electro-winning deposition. Gold plate is further refined by induction smelting and cast into molds.

Gold pile

GOLD RESOURCES

MEASURED

104,000 OZ AU

INDICATED

2,071,000 OZ AU

INFERRED

795,000 OZ AU

For details see McEwen's 2024 10-K Report.

FOX COMPLEX
EXPLORATION OVERVIEW


Located within the renowned Abitibi Greenstone Belt, the Fox Complex hosts a variety of gold mineralization styles concentrated within an ankerite alteration zone, including:

  1.    1.   Free gold in shallow-dipping quartz veins and stockworks within green carbonate and ankerite-altered ultramafic rocks
  2.    2.   Gold-bearing pyrite
  3.    3.   Gold associated with fine-grained pyrite
  4.    4.   Free gold in steeply dipping, sigmoidal quartz veins

Despite a history of exploration and production, the Fox Complex remains relatively underexplored. Its land packages exhibit all the hallmarks of a world-class exploration project:

  1.    •   A prime location in a prolific gold-producing region
  2.    •   Significant gold endowment
  3.    •   Presence of high-grade mineralization
  4.    •   Multiple prospective structural trends
  5.    •   Diverse mineralization styles and host rock types

Our current exploration strategy focuses on expanding known deposits and testing high-potential new targets near our existing mines and mill—supporting our goal of near-term gold production growth.

Since 2018, McEwen has made significant investments in exploration programs at the Fox Complex. These efforts continue to yield strong results, including the discovery of new targets and an expanded gold resource base across the properties, reinforcing our conviction in the long-term potential of the Fox Complex.

Overview     |

Stock West     |

Stock Main (Mine Deep & Gap Zone)     |

Stock East     |

Overview Property Stock Overview

The Stock property covers a 8 kilometers (5 miles) section of the prolific Destor Porcupine Fault. A significant NE-SW trending fault (the Nighthawk Fault) intersects the Destor Porcupine Fault near the Stock Mine, making the area a prime structural setting for gold mineralization.

The property is metal stream-free, site of our current Stock Mill and of the former Stock Mine, which produced 137,000 gold ounces at an average grade of 5.5 g/t, from an intermittent underground operation between the early 1980s and 2004 , having reached to a relatively shallow depth of 330 m (1,080 ft).

In addition to these major structures, the property also exhibits other characteristics of strongly mineralized systems in the prolific Abitibi Greenstone Belt: intense alteration, multi-style and multi-phase mineralization, and significant gold mineralization hosted in various rock types, including wide intersections of 10-30 meters grading 1-2 g/t Au, and also higher-grade intersections of over 10 g/t Au.

Gold mineralization at the Stock Property consists of disseminated sulfides (mostly pyrite) and quartz-carbonate stockwork and breccia, hosted in sericite-silica-albite and fuchsite altered mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks, and in highly siliceous and albite-rich dykes.

Our drilling program started in February 2018 and followed-up on historical intersections and geophysical targets, with focus on the Stock East target.

Stock East is part of a 3 kilometers long trend that also hosts the former Stock Mine. Encouraging drill results from Stock East prompted us to extend drilling activities into 2019 over this mineralized trend, also including the Stock West, Stock Mine Deep and Gap Zone targets. For more details see links above for Stock West, Stock East, Stock Mine Deep and Gap Zone targets.

Stock West Stock West

Results from our first drill holes at Stock West suggested the potential to define a significant new zone of mineralization, with economic importance enhanced by this target being located only 1 kilometer (2/3 mile) from our Stock mill and 300 meters (1,000 feet) West from existing underground workings of the historic Stock Mine.

Drilling completed 1.1 kilometers (0.7 miles) along strike West of the Stock Mine intersected encouraging alteration and mineralization, such as in hole S19-90, which returned 4.2 g/t gold over 3.5 m (core length). This intersection is near two historical drill intersections, which returned 23.0 g/t gold over 1.5 m and 14.5 g/t gold over 3 m, suggesting that a potentially new mineralized shoot may occur in this area.

Hole S19-98, which was drilled to intersect mineralization beneath S19-90, has shown visible gold in multiple quartz veinlets within the silicified zones of a highly altered ultramafic volcanic and returned 5.6 g/t gold over 30 m, including 9.1 g/t gold over 13 m.

Significant intersections at Stock West were also returned in drill holes S19-101 (6.7 g/t gold over 39 m) and S19-105 (5.6 g/t gold over 29.1 m, including 15 g/t gold over 5.1 m).

Drill holes S19-98 and S19-101 to S19-107 completed at Stock West intersected the favorable host rock, a coarse-grained magnesite-fuchsite-dolomite carbonated altered ultramafic unit. Assay values from the well-mineralized intersections are consistent across the intervals, with gold present in both the veinlets and within the ultramafic itself. In addition, a pyrite-rich felsic dyke has been intersected in three holes. This dyke occurs next to the ultramafic intrusive unit and carries visible gold throughout. In hole S19-105, the felsic dyke returned assay results of 13.2 g/t gold over 5.4 m. These styles of mineralization have been intersected from 1,280 to 1,670 feet (390 to 510 meters) below surface and horizontally for 575 feet (175 meters). They differ from most other mineralization on the Stock and Black Fox properties and remain open at depth and along strike.

Similar coarse-grained ultramafic host rocks appear at part of Stock Mine Deep and the potential for a connection with Stock West over a gap of more than 2,000 feet (600 meters) will be tested. Four surface drill rigs are actively drilling at Stock West.

Stock West drill results are available in links to tables that have been included in the press releases from: 2019: Sep 4, Oct 28, Dec 11, 2021: May 10, Nov 3, Dec 20, 2022: Jan 26, Apr 25, 2023: Oct 3, 2024: Feb 28, Jun 20.

As of Dec 31, 2024 Resources at Stock West and Main are: 206,000 gold ounces at 3.31 g/t Indicated and 132,000 gold ounces at 2.96 g/t Inferred.

Stock East Property Stock East

Stock East, a target that was unexplored for over 20 years, lies approximately 700 m East of our Stock Mill, at the intersection of the NW-SE Nighthawk Fault and the E-W Destor Porcupine Fault.

Positive 2018 drill results include narrow higher grade intersections, and also wider and lower grade intersections that indicate the potential for open pit mining. Drill intersections highlights from this program: 2.94 g/t gold over 18.03 m (hole S18-01), 5.24 g/t gold over 11.96 m (hole S18-10) and 5.76 g/t gold over 9.69 m (hole S18-47).

2018 drilling at Stock East outlined an initial resource estimate (effective Sep 5, 2018), followed by an infill program that upgraded the initial resource. The updated resource (effective Dec 31, 2018) is comprised of 60,000 ounces of gold in the Indicated category and 90,000 ounces of gold in the Inferred category under open pit and underground classifications:

  • Open Pit Gold Resource (using a mill cut-off grade of 0.25 g/t)
        43,000 Indicated ounces at a grade of 1.00 g/t and
        54,000 Inferred ounces at a grade of 1.01 g/t

  • Underground Gold Resource (using a cut-off grade of 2.40 g/t)
        17,000 Indicated ounces at a grade of 3.50 g/t and
        36,000 Inferred ounces at a grade of 3.26 g/t.

Stock East has a strike length of approximately 400 meters, it extends vertically from surface to a depth of approximately 450 meters and is open in all directions.

Drill intersections from 2018, such as 4.7 g/t gold over 2 m, including 14 g/t gold over 0.4 m; and 31.8 g/t gold over 0.4 m have been further correlated in 2019 with encounters of higher-grade mineralization, such as in hole SEZ19-15, which returned 10.9 g/t gold over 5 m. Further high-grade drill intersections were encountered at a vertical depth of approximately 290 meters: 34.7 g/t gold over 5.9 m, including 74.1 g/t gold over 2.7 m, and 83.5 g/t gold over 5.6 m, including 417 g/t gold over 1.1 m.

The 2018 resource estimate for Stock East included an open pit mining scenario. The new high-grade intersections encountered in 2019 suggest the presence of higher-grade shoots within the lower grade resource area. Together with past results, they strengthen our conviction that the Stock East deposit hosts higher-grade zones that could potentially be mined using existing nearby underground mine workings. An infill drill program is ongoing to better asses this higher-grade mineralization.

For drill results on Stock East see links to tables included in press releases from: 2018: Apr 30, Jul 25, Sep 6, 2019: Sep 4, Sep 30, Oct 28, Dec 19, 2022: Dec 19, 2024: Jun 20.

As of Dec 31, 2024 Resources at Stock East are: 75,000 gold ounces at 2.70 g/t Indicated and 50,000 gold ounces at 2.66 g/t Inferred.

Stock Mine and Gap Stock Mine and Gap

The Stock Main consists of Stock Mine Deep (the depth extension of the Stock Mine) and the Gap Zone, which had very little previous drilling. Holes drilled in 2018 targeted:

  • underneath the historical mine workings testing for the extension of the Stock Mine mineralization at depths from approximately 320 to 700 m below surface; and
  • along a 400 m trend east of the Stock Mine, testing continuity in sparsely drilled areas located along the main structure (Gap Zone).

Gold mineralization has been intersected in a variety of lithological settings including altered feldspar porphyry intrusions, altered mafic volcanic rocks and fuschite-altered ultramafic rocks. The zones include wide intervals of:

  • Lower-grade gold mineralization - grades from 0.8 to 1.3 g/t gold over true widths of 18 to 30 m, such as:
    0.9 g/t gold over 24.2 m (from 464 m to 497 m in hole S18-26 at Stock Mine Deep);
    0.8 g/t gold over 25.8 m (from 125 m to 160 m in hole S18-70 at Gap Zone); and
  • Narrow intervals of higher-grade gold mineralization - grades of 5 to 22 g/t gold over widths of 1 to 4 m, such as:
    22.2 g/t gold over 1.4 m (from 333 m to 335 m in hole S18-35 at Stock Mine Deep);
    7 g/t gold over 3 m (from 727 m to 731 m in hole S18-31 at Stock Mine Deep);
    6 g/t gold over 1.8 m (from 141 m to 143 m in hole S18-27 at Gap Zone).

The obtained drill results support the potential for extending the mineralization down plunge from the Stock Mine, and for shallow mineralization along the 2 km long trend between the hanging wall of the Stock Mine and the Stock East Zone.

In 2018, hole S18-31 intersected multiple intervals of mineralization up to a depth of 750 m (2,460 ft) below surface under the mine workings. Hole S19-95, drilled in Q2 2019, intersected mineralization 250 m (820 ft) below the positive results of hole S18-31, and 950 m below surface. Multiple zones of alteration and mineralization were observed, including visible gold. The best interval received from this hole is 18 g/t gold over 9.1 m, including 120 g/t gold over 1.3 m, including 311 g/t gold over 0.5 m. These high-grade intersections and other mineralization intersected in holes S19-95 and S18-31 have reinforced our belief that the gold-hosting system remains open with high potential at depth.

Wedge hole S19-97W was drilled to follow-up on the positive assays from S19-95. Visually positive mineralized intervals were observed over 49 m, including local occurrences of visible gold, with assays returning 4.2 g/t gold over 7.5 m, including 25.9 g/t gold over 0.8 m, at a vertical depth of 1,020 m (3,345 ft). The gold mineralization is hosted in fuchsite-altered ultramafics, and could potentially represent the depth extension of the historical “N2 Zone” of the Stock Mine, which produced 80,000 ounces of gold at an average grade of 6.2 g/t Au. Significant depth potential well beyond 1,000 m (3,280 ft) is a characteristic of similar geological deposits in Canada.

Drill results at Stock Main are included in the company's press releases from 2018: Sep 6, 2019: Sep 4 and Sep 30, Oct 28, Dec 11, 2021: Dec 20, 2022: Apr 22, Aug 11, Dec 19, 2023: May 8, Oct 3, 2024: Feb 28, Jun 20.

As of Dec 31, 2024 Resources at Stock West and Stock Main are: 206,000 gold ounces at 3.31 g/t Indicated and 132,000 gold ounces at 2.96 g/t Inferred.